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BATTLE NARRATIVE

A Knife-Edge Ridge Tinian: 1 August 1944

August began much the same as July ended: slow advances impeded by rocks, vegetation, and the occasional Japanese sniper. As the 24th Marines closed in on Lalo Point, the terrain gradually took on “a palisade-like nature, being comprised of three distinct levels which stepped down from the highest point along the cliffline to the sea.”[1] Each battalion was assigned a level, with BLT 1-24 taking the lowest one beside the coast. LtCol. Otto Lessing kept Able and Baker on the front line while Charlie Company hunted for stragglers in their wake. For a while, Charlie seemed to have the toughest assignment: “all but one platoon of this company was actively committed in various fire fights,” Lessing reported – but this would soon change.[2]

The assault companies pushed forward as best they could through some of the densest jungle they would encounter during the war. BLT 2-24, one tier to the left, had better mobility, and as the line rounded the tip of Lalo Point, they drew ahead of BLT 1-24 by several hundred yards. According to Lessing, BLT 2-24 bypassed a decent number of Japanese troops in its sector, and “there was consistent sniper and machine gun fire from the high ground.” The battalion also discovered a large cave sheltering several dozen civilians and dispirited Home Guard soldiers who had to be removed from the area.

As evening approached, Able and Baker found themselves mired in nearly impassable terrain and only “small fire groups working their way through a solid tangle of vegetation wedged between coral boulders and into crevasses.” By 1800 hours, “it was so dark in the jungle that it was impossible to read or write.” To make matters even worse, the battalion lost contact with regimental headquarters at around this time. The last orders received called for all companies to dig in on a line extending from the southern tip of the island.[3] BLT 2-24 was already in the prescribed position, and Lessing had a serious problem on his hands.

And then Able Company hit the strong point.

A “knife edge ridge” bisected the area of operations from cliff to coastline, creating a formidable obstacle. A fire team found an opening so narrow they could only pass through in a single file. The first few men crossed the ridge before a Japanese machine gun emplaced along the cliff opened fire. PFC Armand L. Guyot, the one-time dancer from Chicago and mentor for replacement Private Roland K. Jennings, was killed in the opening burst. The rest of his squad rushed over the ridge and attacked the machine gun; when they tried to flank the emplacement, seventeen-year-old Private Earle D. Tanner was shot in the head.[4] “Numerous others were wounded,” recorded Lessing, as “others moved up to take up the firefight.” The battalion commander described a scene of pure chaos.

Heavy explosions then occurred among the troops. Mines were being thrown down on them from the cliffs, and others were being exploded by trip or contact wires on the ground. (They were heavy charges weighing from 20 to 25 lbs.) It was now so dark visibility was reduced to a matter of 2 or 3 feet. The enemy could not be seen. Every move was met by heavy fire. A further advance through the narrow gap, one man at a time, would have meant annihilation of the two companies. By great daring, the wounded were rescued, but the 2 dead Marines could not be reached. Worst of all, their BARs and ammunition could not be recovered. [5]

Lessing managed to fix the location of the strong point and quickly devised a plan. After disengaging Able and Baker Companies, he brought Charlie up to encircle the area, “thus making any sortie by the enemy impossible.” Able and Baker were moved around by the left boundary, bypassed the danger zone, and advanced with all speed to align themselves with BLT 2-24, wiping out any small groups of enemy soldiers on their way. Lessing moved his command post forward as well, and managed to radio Colonel Hart. He explained the situation in great detail, emphasizing that the strong point “had to be bypassed in order to cover the Division right flank and carry out the orders received,” and outlining his idea for containing and eliminating the problem area. Hart did not object to Lessing’s plans; he might have relayed the information that, as of 1855 hours, all “organized resistance” on Tinian was over and the island officially secured. This would have been news to BLT 1-24, which spent the night dealing with a series of Japanese counterattacks.[6]

This map overlay accompanied Otto Lessing's report on the Tinian operation.
First Battalion's positions at nightfall, 1 August 1944.

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Footnotes
  1. Division Report (Tinian), 280.
  2. Otto Lessing, “Report on Operations of Landing Team 1, Combat Team 24,: (25 August 1944), 1. Hereafter BLT 1-24 Report (Tinian).
  3.  Ibid.
  4. Tanner received a posthumous Bronze Star Medal; while his citation has not been located, it was presumably awarded for his actions on August 1. A replacement, Tanner had been with the company for just one week.
  5. BLT 1-24 Report (Tinian), 2.
  6. Ibid.

Battalion Daily Report

Casualties, Evacuations, Joinings & Transfers
0

KIA/DOW

0

WIA & EVAC*

0

SICK

0

JOINED

0

TRANSFERRED

0

STRENGTH

Out of an original landing strength of 599 officers and men.
* Does not include minor wounds not requiring evacuation from the line.
NameCompanyRankRoleChangeCauseDispositionProfile
Chisholm, James LeoCharlieCorporalBasicReturned To DutyVisit
Chvatal, James John, Jr.AbleCorporalSquad LeaderWounded In ActionShrapnel, left elbowEvacuated, destination unknownVisit
Evans, BennieHQHA2cCorpsmanWounded In ActionUnknown (slight)Not evacuatedVisit
Guyot, Armand LouisAblePFCBARmanKilled In ActionGunshot, abdomenTemporarily left on fieldVisit
Harris, Robert NelsonAblePFCBARmanWounded In ActionShrapnel, both legsEvacuated, destination unknownVisit
Mason, Ronald Gayle, Sr. HQPFCMortarmanSickUnknownEvacuated, destination unknownVisit
Mauney, Hubert DenbyAblePFCRiflemanWounded In ActionUnknownEvacuated, destination unknownVisit
Mervosh, Mike DushCharlieSergeant MG Section LeaderSickUnknownEvacuated, destination unknownVisit
Nowack, George Joseph EdwardAblePrivateRiflemanWounded In ActionShrapnel wounds, multipleEvacuated to USS ReliefVisit
Pappas, Gust AlexanderAblePFCBARmanReturned To DutyVisit
Smith, Howard EliAbleCorporalSquad LeaderReturned To DutyVisit
Tanner, Earle DavidAblePrivateMachine GunnerKilled In ActionGunshot, headTemporarily left on fieldVisit
Watkins, Robert ErnestBakerCorporalBARmanReturned To DutyVisit

Taps

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